Ileum

• superior (upper) part of the Hip bone.
• Fan shaped bone
• <2/5th>

Ischium

• inferior posterior part of the hip bone
• Occupy 2/5th part of the acetabulum
• Supports all weight of the body during sitting position.

Pubis

• inferior anterior part of the hip bone.
• It occupy 1/5th part of the acetabulum.

Accetabulum

• Articular surface (Horse shoe)
• Act as socket of Hip joint Outer aspect of coxae
• Hollow hemisphere 5cm dia Downward, Forward, Laterally

Glenoidal Labrum

• fibro cartilaginous rim attached to the margin of the acetabulum
• it deepens cavity protects the edge of the bone fills up the inequalities of its surface.
• It bridges over the notch

Femur

• long bone
• two ends
• shaft.
• 25% of the body length.

Femoral head

• Three quarter of sphere
• Mounted on short neck (125-140 degree)
• Transverse rotations >> angular movement of shafts

Characteristic of Hip joint

• Synovial joint / diarthrosis
• Articular surfaces
• Glenoidal Labrum
• Synovial capsule
• Synovial membrane
• Bursa
• Articular ligament

Articular surfaces

• Ball
• Socket

Fibrous capsule

• Strong & extensive

Attached:

• Beyond acetabular circumference
• Intertrochanteric line
• Close neck & head of femur

Synovial membrane

• extensive

Covered:

• neck & head of femur
• ligamentum teres,
• both surfaces of glenoidal labrum.
• Cell >> Synovial fluid

Ligaments of the hip joint

• Illiofemoral ligament
• Pubo femoral ligament
• Ischio femoral ligament.
• Ligamentum teres.
• Transverse ligament.

Illiofemoral ligament

• strongest ligament of the body
• Inverted V
• Above: AIIS
• Below: intertrochanteric line

Pubo femoral ligament

• Above: obturator crest & superior ramus of the pubis
• Below: blends with the capsule & deep surface of the vertical band of the oliofemoral ligament.

Ischio femoral ligament

• triangular band of strong fibers
• spring from the ischium below and behind the acetabulum, and blend with the circular fibers of the capsule.

Ligamentum teres

• triangular, extends from fovea capitis femoris to the acetabular notch, and between these bony attachments it blends with the transverse ligament.

transverse ligament

• portion of the glenoidal labrum (no cartilage cells among its fibers)
• strong, flattened fibers
• cross the acetabular notch, and convert it into a foramen through which the nutrient vessels enter the joint

Stabilizing factors of hip joint

• Ligamentum factor
• Bony shape
• Muscular factor

Movements of the hip joint

1) Flexion
2) Extension
3) Adduction
4) Abduction
5) Rotation (medial and lateral)

Arteries

• Obturator
• Medial femoral circumflex
• Superior and inferior gluteals.

Nerves

• femoral nerve
• sciatic nerve
• obturatur nerve